Volume 4 Issue 1
2020-04-24 Research Article
Abstract
Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica serotype typhi. It is of major concern in tropical regions of the world. Highest episodes of typhoid fever occur in Asia i.e.93%. Early diagnosis of the disease is mandatory to lower the mortality rate associated with it as well as to prevent the emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance by Salmonella typhi. Research work was conducted in Immunology Department of the Children’s Hospital, Lahore for the period of one year including a total of 60 patients suspected of having typhoid fever. Serum samples of these patients were tested for Typhidot IgG and IgM antibodies as well as for the antibodies against TO and TH antigens using Widal test. Of the total 60 patients, 10 (16.7%) were positive for both Typhidot IgG and IgM, 16 (26.7%) were positive for Typhidot IgM, 3 (5%) were Positive for Typhidot IgG and 31 (51.66%) were negative for both Typhidot IgG and IgM. Reading the results of Widal test, 8 (13.33%) were positive for Widal TO and TH antigens, 3 (5%) were positive for Widal TO antigen, 19 (31.7%) were positive for Widal TH antigen and 30 (50%) were negative for Widal TO and TH antigens. IgM is positive at the early stage of acute typhoid fever, IgM along with IgG positive means the middle stage of acute illness. The detection of only IgG cannot discriminate between acute and convalescent phases as it can stay in the serum for at least 2 years or more. The Typhidot test is much helpful for the rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever as compared to Widal test which is still being used in some set ups in poor countries, although has become mostly obsolete. By testing the rise of IgM and IgG antibodies against Salmonella typhi, we can detect the infection at early and late stages, respectively.
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001017 Cite this Article
2020-01-14 Research Article
Abstract
Uterine sections from 6 patients with incidental nodal lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) were examined for LAM lesions by screening these sections with cathepsin K immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains. The hysterectomy specimens were all concurrent with the lymph node dissections in which the nodal LAM was discovered. In 4 of 6 patients microscopic lesions of pre-LAM were identified and confirmed by IHC staining for HMB-45 and beta-catenin. All lesions were grossly inapparent and also inapparent by routine hematoxylin and eosin stains. Three variants of pre-LAM lesions were identified. None of the pre-LAM lesions had an associated lymphatic proliferation. It is proposed that these pre-LAM lesions gave rise to the incidental nodal LAM lesions. Furthermore, it is suggested that the absence of an associated lymphatic proliferation associated with these lesions may be a factor in the attenuated potential for spread and the only rare association of these nodal lesions with pulmonary LAM.
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001016 Cite this Article
Recent Articles
2020-04-24 Research Article
Farah Qudsia, Muhammad Rehan and Samreen Riaz*
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001017 Citation
2020-01-14 Research Article
Charles M Lombard*
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001016 Citation
2019-12-24 Research Article
Rakotomalala Nivoarimelina Zoly*, Rakotozanany Besaina, Razafindraibe Andriatompoina Felanarivo, Ramarokoto Malalafinaritra Patrick Marco, Rafamatanantsoa Jean Florent, Kapche Wato Edith and Randriambololona Domoina Malala Aurelia
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001015 Citation
2019-12-03 Letter to the Editor
Freshteh Osmani*
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001014 Citation
2019-07-23 Research Article
Richard E Tracy*
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001013 Citation
2019-03-18 Case Report
Ding Dai*#, Qi Cai#, Nasreen A. Vohra, Jan Wong, Zsuzsanna P. Therien, Karlene Hewan-Lowe and Ann Sutton
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001012 Citation
2019-01-29 Case Report
Ding Dai*, Qi Cai and Ann Sutton
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001011 Citation
2018-12-14 Research Article
Mauro Luisetto*, Naseer Almukhtar, Behzad Nili-Ahmadabadi, Ghulam Rasool Mashori, Kausar Rehman Khan, Ram Kumar Sahu, Farhan Ahmad Khan, Gamal Abdul Hamid and Luca Cabianca
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001010 Citation
2018-10-05 Research Article
Mauro Luisetto*, Behzad Nili-Ahmadabadi, Nilesh M Meghani, Ghulam Rasool Mashori, Ram Kumar Sahu, Kausar Rehman Khan, Ahmed Yesvi Rafa, Luca Cabianca, Gamal Abdul Hamid and Farhan Ahmad Khan
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001009 Citation
2018-08-28 Research Article
Lewei Zhang*, Tarinee Lubpairee, Denise M Laronde, Martial Guillaud, Calum E MacAulay and Miriam P Rosin
Abstract Read Full Article HTMLDOI: 10.29328/journal.apcr.1001008 Citation














