https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr A Heighpubs Open Access Journal en-us 04/15/2021 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1021.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>Currently, the emergence of highly virulent mutants in Europe and the United States has caused refractory recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (RCDI) to be a problem in clinical practice. In 2013, the Netherland group demonstrated breakthrough therapeutic efficacy in fecal microbial transplant (FMT) treatment clinical trials for RCDI, and FMT treatment is rapidly gaining attention. In addition to RCDI, FMT treatment has been attempted in various gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation, as well as extragastrointestinal diseases. In this review, I would like to describe the current status, complications and prospects of FMT treatment.</p> 03/03/2021 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1020.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>The article describes the interaction of anorexic patients, hospitalized in the Regional Pilot Psychiatric Service for the treatment of Anorexia in the Molinette Hospital of Turin, with the reading volunteering group. On the basis of said interaction, the Creative Self is searched for in patients and shows into be present in different ways. It seems anyway enhanced by the presence in the reading group.</p> 09/30/2020 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1019.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>Emergency medical care in palliative patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to provide a consistent treatment for stable patients that should be consistent with the goals and benefits, the perspective of these patients, but avoiding palliative patients with a poor prognosis that is unlikely to survive. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world around 8.8 million deaths a year. Worldwide, about 7-10 million patients are diagnosed with cancer each year, recently there has been a significant increase in the number of cases diagnosed with cancer. About 70% of cancer deaths are in low- and middle-income countries. The goals of emergency medical care based on the criteria of BLS and ACLS, that is should be done “Do not do resuscitation, do not intubate but continue medical treatment excluding endotracheal intubation without prospects for the patient, but offering BLS only treatment concentrated symptomatic. ED is often the only place that can provide the necessary medical interventions (e.g., intravenous fluids or pain management medications. Medications as well as immediate access to advanced diagnostic tests when needed such as CT, RM and other diagnostic and treatment procedures.</p> 09/17/2020 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1018.php <h2>Summary</h2> <p>Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are a common event in secondary glioblastoma multiforme and lower-grade adult infiltrative astrocytomas and independently confer a better prognosis [1,2]. These are highly conserved mutations during glioma progression and thus also a useful diagnostic marker amenable to modern molecular sequencing methods. These mutations can even be detected in sites distant from the primary tumour. We use an illustrative case of a patient with radiologically suspected recurrent astrocytoma and negative histology, but positive IDH-mutated tumour DNA detected within CSF. Our results demonstrated the usefulness of liquid biopsy for recurrent glioma within the context of equivocal or negative histopathological results, whilst also showing the ability to detect a de-novo IDH-2 mutation not present in the previous resection. Building on this ‘proof-of-concept’ result, we also take the opportunity to briefly review the current literature describing the various liquid biopsy substrates available to diagnose infiltrative gliomas, namely the study of circulating tumour DNA, circulating tumour cells, and extracellular vesicles. We outline the current challenges and prospects of liquid biopsies in these tumours and suggest that more studies are required to overcome these challenges and harness the potential benefits of liquid biopsies in guiding our management of gliomas.</p> 04/24/2020 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1017.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella enterica serotype typhi. It is of major concern in tropical regions of the world. Highest episodes of typhoid fever occur in Asia i.e.93%. Early diagnosis of the disease is mandatory to lower the mortality rate associated with it as well as to prevent the emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance by Salmonella typhi. Research work was conducted in Immunology Department of the Children’s Hospital, Lahore for the period of one year including a total of 60 patients suspected of having typhoid fever. Serum samples of these patients were tested for Typhidot IgG and IgM antibodies as well as for the antibodies against TO and TH antigens using Widal test. Of the total 60 patients, 10 (16.7%) were positive for both Typhidot IgG and IgM, 16 (26.7%) were positive for Typhidot IgM, 3 (5%) were Positive for Typhidot IgG and 31 (51.66%) were negative for both Typhidot IgG and IgM. Reading the results of Widal test, 8 (13.33%) were positive for Widal TO and TH antigens, 3 (5%) were positive for Widal TO antigen, 19 (31.7%) were positive for Widal TH antigen and 30 (50%) were negative for Widal TO and TH antigens. IgM is positive at the early stage of acute typhoid fever, IgM along with IgG positive means the middle stage of acute illness. The detection of only IgG cannot discriminate between acute and convalescent phases as it can stay in the serum for at least 2 years or more. The Typhidot test is much helpful for the rapid diagnosis of typhoid fever as compared to Widal test which is still being used in some set ups in poor countries, although has become mostly obsolete. By testing the rise of IgM and IgG antibodies against Salmonella typhi, we can detect the infection at early and late stages, respectively.</p> 01/14/2020 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1016.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>Uterine sections from 6 patients with incidental nodal lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) were examined for LAM lesions by screening these sections with cathepsin K immunohistochemistry (IHC) stains. The hysterectomy specimens were all concurrent with the lymph node dissections in which the nodal LAM was discovered. In 4 of 6 patients microscopic lesions of pre-LAM were identified and confirmed by IHC staining for HMB-45 and beta-catenin. All lesions were grossly inapparent and also inapparent by routine hematoxylin and eosin stains. Three variants of pre-LAM lesions were identified. None of the pre-LAM lesions had an associated lymphatic proliferation. It is proposed that these pre-LAM lesions gave rise to the incidental nodal LAM lesions. Furthermore, it is suggested that the absence of an associated lymphatic proliferation associated with these lesions may be a factor in the attenuated potential for spread and the only rare association of these nodal lesions with pulmonary LAM.</p> 12/24/2019 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1015.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> Pregnancy after age 40 remains a concern as it exposes to particular obstetrical complications. Our study aims to determine the risks of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth of women aged 40 and over.</p> <p><strong>Study design:</strong> We carried out a cross-sectional analytical study of a historical cohort comparing the progress and the outcome of pregnancy in women 40 years of age and over to those aged 20 and 35 who gave birth at the University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Befelatanana, from 1st January 2010 to 31 December 2013.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of childbirth among 40 years old and over was 0.61%. They were multiparous and large multiparous in 88% of the cases. The analysis showed that parturients aged 40 years and older were at significant risk for caesarean section, with three times the risk of emergency caesarean section. The frequency of this emergency caesarean section increased with parity (<em>RR</em> = 3.04 [2.15-4.30], <em>p</em> = 10-10). Among their neonates, 23.42% were hypotrophic, 22.86% premature, 12% asphyxiated at birth, 13.14% admitted to neonatal resuscitation and 5.71% died in utero, but without significant difference with the group unexposed. Perinatal death was 7.43% in women aged 40 and over vs 4% in 20 to 35 year olds (<em>RR</em> = 1.85 [0,89-3,86]; <em>p</em> = 0.052).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found that pregnancies after 40 years were not exposed to pregnancy-related pathologies or specific fetal complications. The use of an emergency cesarean is, however, frequent.</p> 12/03/2019 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1014.php <h2>Text</h2> <p>Vitamin D has immunomodulatory and antifibrotic properties, and therefore used for treatment of many of chronic liver disease [1]. Although there are many reports on the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and chronic liver diseases, but the relationship between hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) and vitamin D level is still unclear.</p> 07/23/2019 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1013.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>The shapes and sizes of human cardiomyocytes are accessible to systematic observation under most circumstances only at autopsy. This constraint has seriously curbed the study of these topics, thereby leaving a crippling gap in our understanding of heart failure. In recent years the only published ongoing findings have come from this laboratory. This article is a condensation of these reports, using those sources to develop fresh analyses designed to construct a set of organizing principles. The data are entirely retrospective thereby forbidding hypothesis testing and permitting only hypothesis formation. The hypotheses generated in this way are novel and surprising. In spite of the severe limitations in this methodology is seems possible that some useful new directions of inquiry might evolve from pursuing these original observations.</p> 03/18/2019 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1012.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an idiopathic, benign proliferation of histiocytes that can be present in multiple organs such as lymph node, skin, soft tissue, orbit, central nerve system and bone; however, it rarely occurs in the breast. In general, RDD is a painless, firm and poorly defined lesion, which can radiologically mimic a breast cancer and is therefore an important differential consideration. The diagnosis of breast RDD is challenging, especially on a small biopsy specimen. We report a unique case of breast RDD with a literature review including common presentation, differential diagnosis, and recommended management. A high index of suspicion for this rare entity is essential to render a correct diagnosis, thereby avoiding unnecessary diagnostic tests and treatment.</p> 01/29/2019 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1011.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is rarely seen in the prostate. Most of prostatic tumors are benign. However, local aggressively invading the adjacent organs and recurrence are frequent. Rarely, the malignant transformation and metastasis occurs, especially in elderly patient. The definitive diagnosis in a small biopsy is challenging. The correct diagnosis preoperatively will help to avoid unnecessary radical prostatectomy. Interval follow up is recommended. Here we reported two cases of prostatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor with literature review.</p> 12/14/2018 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1010.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>In various patients conditions involved in lower urinary tract disease LUT (like overactive bladder, bladder neck sclerosis, dis –synergy (with our synenrgic contraction between bladder detrusor and bladder neck, BPH, recurrent cysytitis, interstitial cystitis, chronic prostatitis, uretral stenosys, loss of sfinteric coordination.</p> <p>Prostatic cancer, anatomic abnormalities and other the receptor status play relevant role to reduce effect of vicious clycle that can be responsible in progression of the pathologic process.</p> <p>In this work the complex receptorial status is analyzed to verify new therapeutic strategies.</p> <p>Starting from the observation that various irritant substanties produce irritant stimulus in Prostatic Patients or in bladder neck condition is interesting to deep understand the etio-patogenesys and Functional results.</p> <p>In Various prostatic, bladder neck or ureteral condition a reduced urinary fluss can produce infectious.</p> <p>Conditions like acute or chronic prostatitis.</p> <p>Irritants sustanties in diet (in example etilic alcohol drink, hot spices, crud meats, carbonate drinks, caffeine and other) can produce Painful stimulus in innervations of vecical trigonous, bladder neck and prostatic urethra.</p> <p>The same recurrent cystitis and Bph contribute in a complex situation.</p> <p>This stimulus produce ipertonus of bladder muscle involved in the expulsion of urine.</p> <p>The event related inflamation and edema (bladder, prostatic uretra, trigonus) contribute to the global effect.</p> <p>So conditions like bladder neck sclerosys IPB, recurrent prostatitis and cistitys in acts in a vicious circle. (Also immunomediated: Bph and cronic prostatitis with linfocite infiltration and tissue remodeling).</p> <p>The ormonal status check the systems (see 5-ARI efficacy in Bph).</p> <p>Simpatic, parasimpatic and other system are deeply involved.</p> <p>Also behavioral habits or diet can influence in example urinary flux in a complex system like LUT. (Bladder and prostatic irritants that can produce edema and acute inflamation).</p> <p>Other behavior habits are deeply involved as too much sedentary, water intake, coffee, pee modality and also psychological profile and stressing conditions.</p> <p>Some disease like diabetes produce high consequences in all this systems due to</p> <p>Bladder modification, oxidative stress, osmotic movens, and increase susceptibility of urinary infections.</p> <p>This article are verified this kind of movens that contribute in physio -pathology of some low urinary tract conditions.</p> <p>The anatomic abnormalities produces, obviously, physiological disfuntions.</p> <p>Recurrent urinary tract infections, inadequate antimicrobial therapy:</p> <p>Profile of resistance, duration of therapy, kind of antimicrobials, posology,</p> <p>Pk. Kinetics, associations, compliance, biofilms, micro calcifications (recurrent chronic prostatitis) contribute to a progression of the condition.</p> 10/05/2018 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1009.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p>In 1874 J.M. Charcot was the first to describe ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a disease with an high non response therapy rate also to the actual therapy.</p> <p>ALS is not clearly associate to only single etio-patogenetic movens but many process seem involved.</p> <p>Also the strange geographic diffusion of different forms contribute to a complex syndromic pathology.</p> <p>Also the strange geographic diffusion of different forms contribute to a complex syndromic pathology.</p> <p>In this work the different neuronal damage movens and new therapeutic strategies are analyzed to produce a Unic global response to the pathologic process useful in next clinical application.</p> <p>Genetic factors must be considered also added to environmental movens but also to the endogenous microenvironment of motoneuron involved.</p> <p>A toxicological-biochemical-imunological approach can be useful tool to find new therapeutic strategies.</p> <p>Or to improve local availability of pharmacological molecules.</p> 08/28/2018 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1008.php <h2>Abstract</h2> <p><strong>Aims:</strong> Histological diagnostic criteria are used for the assessment of the degree of dysplasia and hence the risk of cancer progression for premalignant lesions. Clonal changes in the form of hyperorthokeratosis and hyperchromasia that are sharply demarcated from adjacent areas are not currently part of the criterion for dysplasia diagnosis. The objective of this study was to determine whether such clonal change should be regarded as a diagnostic feature for dysplasia. The following histological conditions were used to define such change: (1) hyperorthokeratosis; (2) hyperchromatism but no other features of dysplasia; (3) sharp margin demarcation from adjacent area by both the hyperorthokeratosis and hyperchromasia (clonal change), and (4) no prominent rete ridges, marked acanthosis or heavy inflammation. Lesions fitting these criteria were termed orthokeratotic lesions with no dysplasia.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients from a population-based longitudinal study with more than 10 years of follow up were analyzed. Of the 214 patients with primary oral premalignant lesions, 194 had mild or moderate dysplasia (dysplasia group) and 20 fit the criteria for orthokeratotic lesions without dysplasia (orthokeratotic with no dysplasia group). The two groups were compared for their cancer risks using clinical (site and toluidine blue), histological (nuclear phenotype score), and molecular criteria (loss of heterozygosity) and by outcome (progression).</p> <p><strong>Results and conclusions:</strong> The lesions from orthokeratotic with no dysplasia group showed a similar cancer risk (clinical, histological and molecular risk) and time to progression as the dysplastic lesions. We recommend that the clonal change should be included as a criterion for dysplasia diagnosis.</p> 07/10/2018 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1007.php <h2>Introduction</h2> <p>Medical postgraduate trainees are given increasing levels of responsibility during training in the apprenticeship-model of training [1-3]. Responsibility is said to be a key driver of deep learning and understanding [4-7]. Trainees with greater levels of responsibility for decision making have higher levels of motivation to learn compared with trainees who self-assess as having less autonomy [5]. The Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath) indicate that ‘graded responsibility’ is part of training histopathologists and provided a framework for implementation with increasingly complex specimens suitable for reporting by more senior trainees [8,9].</p> 06/20/2018 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1006.php <h2>References</h2> <p>An investigation into the pathological lesions of Cypermethrin on the testes, accessory sexual and pituitary glands of Yankasa rams was carried out. Sixteen Yankasa rams aged 18 - 30 months and weighing between 21.5 - 46.5kg were used. The 16 rams were divided equally into two groups (A and B) A served as the treatment group while B served as the control.  Group (A) were given Cypermethrin (3%) at the dose rate of 3mg/kg (0.1ml/kg) body weight, topically.  Group (B) rams were given distilled water at the same dose rate and route. These treatments were repeated every two weeks for a period of 12 weeks. The rams were sacrificed at the end of 12 weeks and the following organs (testes, pituitary, vesicular and prostate glands), were collected and weighed, gross pathological lesions were observed and photographs were taken. The samples were kept for histopathology. Results showed that there were no gross pathological lesions found on the testes, pituitary, prostate glands and the seminal vesicles of both groups. The mean weight of the pituitary gland, the prostate glands and the seminal vesicles of the treated and control groups were statistically not significant (P>0.05). No histologic lesions were found on them. The mean testicular weights of the treated (143.81±7.71g) and the control (130.43±0.63g) were significantly different (P<0.05). There was a reduced number of spermatozoa in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules of the treated group. It was concluded that Cypermethrin reduced spermatozoa in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.</p> 04/09/2018 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1005.php <h2>Case History</h2> <p>The patient is a 28-year old Caucasian man with six month history of arthralgia and crampy abdominal pain who presented with acute dyspnea and cough for 6 months associated with migratory polyarthralgias involving his knees, ankles, wrists, and shoulders. Three months prior to admission he noted an episodic crampy abdominal pain with intermittent diarrhea and constipation. The arthralgia persisted and was more associated with two hours of morning stiffness. During this time he also noted occasional nose bleeds and difficult hearing out of his left ear.</p> <p> </p> 07/17/2017 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1004.php <h2>ABSTRACT</h2> <p>This report presents an adult patient suffering from sacroiliitis like low back pain, lumbosacral radiculopathy and elbow swelling. Multimodality imaging revealed multiple lytic bone lesions located in supra acetabular iliac bone, sacrum, and distal end of radius. Painful numerous lesions due to the extension to the articular surfaces are not expected for Brown tumors. Less than ten cases with multiple Brown tumor due to primary hyperparathyroidism has been reported. Although Brown tumors are mostly diagnosed incidentally, this case would awake the physicians about rheumatological symptoms in the presentation of Brown tumors. Since Brown tumors are non-touch bone lesions that are expected to regress after parathyroid adenoma removal, it is important to distinguish Brown tumors from the giant cell tumors.</p> 06/27/2017 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1003.php <h2>ABSTRACT</h2> <p>Breast cancer is a complex disease and one of the main causes of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. In case of approximately 15% of all breast cancers, three markers i.e. estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptors-2 (HER2) are not expressed, and is commonly termed as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Particularly, TNBC is associated with a higher percentage of breast cancer related mortality, which is often aggressive and most frequently found with a BRCA1 mutation or increased basal marker expression. However, due to the limitations of chemotherapy and radiation based treatment; the current challenge is to establish a new strategy of diagnosis and treatment of TNBC. The deregulation of a number of microRNAs (miRNAs) in breast cancer has been widely reported. Therefore, this review is directed towards enhancing our understanding of the involvement of various miRNAs in the pathology of TNBC, their upregulations and downregulations and the effects on various factors. From recent studies a number of miRNAs are found to be related with TNBC, which have great potential to be used as a biomarker to determine the disease prognosis and predict the fate of disease. Again miRNA can be targeted to be applied as a therapeutic to provide a great benefit to the patients of TNBC by finding a new, safe, and effective treatment strategy.</p> 06/12/2017 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1002.php <h2>INTRODUCTION</h2> <p>The greater risk of hypernatremia in patients over 65 years old are associated with impaired mental status and physical disability which may result in impaired sensation to thirst, impaired ability to express thirst, and/or decrease access to water [1,2]. Normally, anti-diuretic hormone (ADH, also known as arginine-vasopressin, AVP) is secreted in response to 1-2% increase in osmolality which stimulate thirst, as do hypovolemia and hypotension. Broadly, speaking hypernatremia is due to hypotonic fluid loss or hypertonic sodium gain. Hypotonic fluid loss is mainly caused by diabetes insipidus. There are many causes of central diabetes incipidus (CDI). Pituitary and hypothalamus injuries caused by trauma, neurosurgical procedures, hemorrhage, ischemia, autoimmune diseases e.g. hypophysitis, IgG4 related disease or tumors involving hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA) are but few causes of CDI. Central diabetes incipidus is also reported with traumatic brain injuries causing ischemia to the HPA [3] and presented with exertion of large volumes of diluted urine (polyuria). Polyuria is defined by a urine volume in excess of 2 L/m2/24 h or approximately 40-50 ml/kg/24 h in older children or adult.</p> 01/30/2017 https://www.theskygallerypattaya.com/hjpcr/apcr-aid1001.php <h2>SUMMARY</h2> <p>Anoikis resistance (AR) is a favorable attribute exhibited by cancer cells for metastasis. Carcinoma associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) plays a crucial role in AR in various cancers. It was proved in array of studies in different cancers that there was definite interrelationship between CAFs and AR. But its role in OSCC is ambiguous. It is the need of the time to reveal the correlation of CAF and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in relation with anoikis. Molecular pathways which affects the AR via CAFs in various cancers has been highlighted in this communication. Divulging the importance of CAF in cancer will aid in designing customized novel chemoprevention therapy and thus will help in enhancing the prognosis of patient in OSCC.</p>